Coffee and Tea

Espresso and Tea Coffee and tea have existed on the planet for quite a while. Many years back, individuals who lived in South America began to deliver espresso, however the soonest drink likes espresso was made by old Arabian. They thought it was a sort of medication utilized for stomach. After the fifteenth century, espresso was spread to different nations, for example, Egypt and Ottoman Empire by Muslims who returned from Hajj, while in antiquated China, Chinese individuals began to make tea around 3000 years back. On account of decent condition and climate, the initial segment of tea plants was found in southwest China.After, drink tea turned into a significant culture of Chinese individuals, and tea started to spread into nations close to China. Espresso and tea are comparable, however extraordinary in some particular region. To start with, espresso and tea are comparative however extraordinary in populace. Individuals from all around the globe like them. For instance, British in dividuals used to drink some tea with certain tidbits when they have a rest toward the evening. Western individuals appreciate drinking dark tea, and some of them blend it in with milk to make smooth tea. In like manner, a great many people like drinking espresso, for it regularly tastes good.In China, an ever increasing number of individuals started to drink espresso, and some of whom need to taste better espresso like blue mountain espresso. In any case, despite the fact that these two beverages are both famous around the globe, espresso is as yet flushed most by western individuals, while the most amount of tea is utilized in East Asia. Individuals lived in China, Japan, and Korea viewed tea as the fundamental beverage. Second, espresso and tea are comparative however unique in work. Both espresso and tea can revive individuals on the grounds that there is a sort of synthetic issue, which is caffeine in both of them.This substance matter can be utilized for nerves to cause an ind ividual to feel wakeful and enthusiastic. Additionally, a few specialists said that dark espresso and green tea can enable an individual to get more fit. However, conversely, tea has some more capacities because of another sort of concoction matter which can’t be found in espresso. This substance matter that named tea polyphenol whose capacity is to ease the impact that is made by poison. At long last, espresso and tea have closeness and distinction in beginning. Them two are produced using plants.Thousands of years prior, individuals lived in Africa planted espresso trees in succeed, and now, Brazil has the most espresso trees on the planet. In south of China, there are a great deal of terraced fields that develop tea trees. Then again, individuals use leaves from tea to make tea, while they use organic products from espresso plants to make espresso. To summarize, espresso and tea are comparable in their populace, capacity, and beginning, while they are diverse of their util ization in better place, their distinctive concoction matter, and their diverse material. I propose that individuals should drink both espresso and tea with the goal that they can be more advantageous.

An Analysis on the Factors Affecting the Recent US Economic Growth Research Paper

An Analysis on the Factors Affecting the Recent US Economic Growth - Research Paper Example Since the level of industrialization in the nation is high, around 55% of its imports are unrefined petroleum (â€Å"The World Fact Book†). The financial flourishing of U.S. had declined somewhat during the oil value blast from 2001 to 2006 (â€Å"Recent U.S. Monetary Growth†). The taking off costs of vitality assets expanded the expense of imports just as industrialization in the country. Besides, the land division of the country was confronting sure exuberances since the last 50% of 2007 in U.S. (â€Å"The World Fact Book†). The genuine estate’s homes were exchanged for theoretical purposes in the nation. After some time, disappointment of certain tasks lead to extreme emergency in the U.S. currency advertise during 2008. The business banks had to offer to acknowledge direct verifiable bail outs and some of them like Lehman Brothers had fell because of serious money related emergency. The downturn in 2008, had essentially brought down the monetary development of U.S. since the Great Depression. So as to set everything in the correct express, the U.S. government in 2008 has chosen to infuse $700 billion in its market through the establishment of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) (â€Å"Recent U.S. Financial Growth†). A portion of these assets were used by the state central government for buying values of banks and some mechanical enterprises. Notwithstanding that in 2009, under the direction of President Barack Obama, the Federal government infused an extra aggregate of $787 billion in the U.S. economy (â€Å"The World Fact Book†). It was guaranteed that this store should be distributed for financing the expansionary monetary strategies of the nation from 2010 to 2011. The governme nt spending deficiency estimated regarding rate change in GDP in U.S. was 9% in 2011 however it diminished to a degree of 7.6% in 2012 (â€Å"The World Fact Book†). This demonstrates there are some generous purposes behind which the monetary status of U.S. has

Essay Topics for the Next Academic Year

Essay Topics for the Next Academic YearToday's writing samples will help you get started with essay topics for 2020, all of which fall into one of four categories: social issues, factual issues, controversial issues, or word games. This information can help you decide on what topic to research and write about.On the first type of essay topic, you need to choose a topical analysis that gives an overview of your views or ideas. A good example is history. You may have a general overview of the American experience, or you might choose to focus on specific topics, such as civil rights in the south. Or you may find yourself focusing on a cultural aspect of America, such as music or sports.A second type of essay topic is current events, which should include current events and current issues that are in your community, within your state, or on a national level. Social issues are generally addressed in the newspaper and on local television stations. In terms of topics that concern a particula r country or nation, you may choose to write about the development of a particular political movement, or a particular event from a major social issue.Thirdly, research topics that give a look at the past in terms of a historical perspective. These types of essays often deal with how events changed or influenced a person's life, such as the civil rights movement or racial discrimination. A good example is a writer's opinion on the impact of an event like the Gulf War on U.S. foreign policy.The fourth type of essay, and the most common type of essay, are a general research essay. You will likely want to write about a topic that involves the entire world history. You may write about the history of a particular country, the history of science, or the history of science in a particular period of time.One of the best ways to research a topic for the next academic year is to go online and look up what has been published in the last five years. You may also check for articles written by va rious people, such as newspapers or magazines. You can also browse through various databases and find materials that are not yet published.One thing to keep in mind when you are writing an essay for the coming academic year is that you need to use keyword research to expand on what you found. It is not important to use every single key word, but rather to use a couple of them. For example, if you find something in a newspaper article, then you may want to use the word 'tide' as a title for your essay.Writing essay topics for the next academic year will be an exciting time, especially if you chose to focus on one topic. Research topics are always fun to write about, and should be a rewarding experience. Good luck!

Essay on “The Renaissance as a Portal to the Modern Age”

Essay on â€Å"The Renaissance as a Portal to the Modern Age† The Renaissance was a time, as the name suggests, of rebirth and renewal in Europe; a time that led society into a new modern age. Inventions shaped society and brought it closer to what people would recognize today; and philosophical and religious enlightenment moved civilizations out of the dark ages and towards a deeper understanding of humanity. This essay will analyze the importance of these two features of the Renaissance as a portal to the modern age. New inventions during the Renaissance still play a part in the modern age today, from everyday necessities such as the toilet to technological innovations like the microscope (â€Å"Inventions of the Renaissance†, web). However, the invention that had the largest impact on Renaissance life as well as society today was the printing press. Although a number of people were partially responsible for the creation of the printing press, the name that is best remembered is Johannes Gutenberg, who invented moveable type. The printing press meant that ideas could be shared with greater ease, and more cheaply than before. The literacy of lay people increased as books became more freely available on a variety of subjects (previously, religion had been the dominant topic of books, which is hardly surprising since the majority of books were produced by monks) and scholarly work was aided, as philosophical ideas and scientific discoveries reached a wider audience (Kreis, 2000, web.). The printing press inadvertently aided another factor that made the Renaissance a portal to the modern world. In 1452, Gutenberg began to translate the Bible from Latin (Kreis, 2000, web.). In an act that to the Roman Catholic Church constituted heresy, Gutenberg made the Bible available to the lay people of Europe. The dominance of the Roman Catholic Church, along with the supremacy of the pope, came to an end (Finley, n.d. web). For the first time, lay people were able to study the Bible in their own language and interpret it for themselves, and then print their interpretations for others to read. Man became a master of his own faith and existence, and with a renewed interest in humanism, faith became multi-faceted and secularism rose in influence, two things that still exist in the modern world. The free exchange of ideas is a feature of the Renaissance that

Organizational Culture An Organization That Drives The...

Organizational culture is system within an organization that drives the values, standards, and beliefs. Everyone within the organization should have a vested interest in the culture, as it sets a standard of expectations throughout an organization to which everyone performs their job. Organizational culture will influence how and when certain uniforms are worn, the level of professionalism while on a call, doing inspections, or out in public, and what type of behavior is tolerated and not tolerated around the station. One of the greatest attributes of organizational culture is that it is fluid. In other words, this culture can be studied and refined for improvement which can result in a better culture. A good example of this is the use of†¦show more content†¦Lets look at a cultural change that a department may want to implement, such as no tobacco use while on duty. The department can draft up a policy but this alone will not create a cultural change, in order to make the c hange, everyone needs to support and enforce this change. In order to make this change, it is critical that supervisors lead by example, in other words, if they use tobacco they need to stop using it while on duty. Second, individuals at all levels should be able to correct anybody not following policy without the feeling that a repercussion could happen. Finally supervisors need to address any offenses as soon as they become aware of them. This will help set the example and expectations that need to be followed. Affecting cultural change also comes from a company knowing what the end result is going to be. To get this, there would need to be a series of backwards planning. If we use the example of no tobacco use while on duty as our end result, the question needs to be asked, what needs to happen to get there? There will need to be action taken, such as implementing a policy. Before the action of a policy, there might need to be a visit with beliefs within the organization. The per sonnel within the district might believe they want to live and portray a healthy life style and tobacco useShow MoreRelatedThe Leadership Of Cal Rugby1157 Words   |  5 Pageswith Cal Rugby. There are 4 components to transformational leadership: idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration (Sport Leadership in the 21st Century 2015). â€Å"Jack sets the highest standards. As coaches, I think we all look to him because he’s at the pinnacle of success, and he doesn’t rest on his laurels.† Idealized leadership relies on the charisma and character of a leader. They are trusted, respected, and admired by their followersRead MoreOrganizational Culture Within A Hospital Setting1693 Words   |  7 Pages There is a tremendous amount of literature regarding Organizational Culture as it relates to corporate business. 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The Articles Of Confederation Was The First National...

Perhaps the greatest service rendered by the Articles of Confederation was the impetus its shortcomings gave to those who favored a strong central government. The first national government of the United States is the Articles of Confederation. The Articles of Confederation was approved by the Continental Congress in 1777, it was adopted and written by John Dickinson. However, there was a delay in ratifying the articles by the states. It all came down to property out West. States like Virginia and Massachusetts had claimed numerous land stretching from the East Coast all the way to Pacific Ocean as a part of their colonial charters. States like Maryland and Pennsylvania, who did not have these land claims did not agree on ratifying this†¦show more content†¦This is what led them to not create an Executive Branch. In fact, there is no judicial national court system either instead it is a one branch government known as a legislative branch. They had a unicameral congress, a one house congress. Also, every state irregardless of size had one vote per state. Meaning the biggest state being Virginia and one of the smaller states like Rhode Island all had one vote. To change the Articles of Confederation required unanimous consent which meant every state had to agree to make any changes to it and did pass a law, it required a super majority. Nine out of thirteen states needed to agree in order to go into effect which became extremely difficult to accomplish. All in all, the articles was politically so weak in term of not being a powerful central government was due to â€Å"Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence.† These states were sovereign, they were eligible to act on their own. This was a confederation rather than a strong union. The idea of Federalism is that power is shared between a federal and state governments. Under the Articles of Confederation, there was a federal government but the federal government was so powerless when compared to the power of the states. Politically, the articles were weak because of the experience with England. They intentionally created this weak government. What created difficulty in the 1780s was the economic weaknesses. They had no desire to hand over

Raising self esteem free essay sample

Introduction This paper explains briefly the research proposal which specifically focuses on the programs proven to be effective in raising self-esteem in at-risk youth. This research proposal includes the background of the study, statement of the problem, statement of hypothesis, the significance of this study and scope and limitation of the study. Background of the Study The extent to which youth are labeled at-risk varies according to different authorities from psychology, education, sociology, and other fields (Astroh, 1993). Some authorities maintain that all youth are born at high risk (Glenn Nelsen, 1988). Others estimate that one-quarter of 10-17 year olds are at-risk Dryfoos, 1990). In more recent development, the number of youth in their high-risk years who commit offenses will increase: by 2010, 10- to 14-year-old juvenile offenders are projected to increase by about 6 percent, while ages 15 to 19 are expected to increase nearly 20 percent Brown Sevcik, 1999). Effective at-risk youth programs begin with determining who are going to be served. We will write a custom essay sample on Raising self esteem or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is through them that programs determine the kinds of designs that are most appropriate for at-risk youth and the policies needed to support an effective high performance youth training system. According to Astroh (1993), broad generalizations about youth can detract from targeted efforts to address real-not perceived-problems in local communities. The loose definition of at-risk youth refers to those youth most likely to fail in school and the labor market. Furthermore, the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act adopted by Congress defines youth at risk as a youth at risk of educational failure or dropping out of school or involvement in delinquent activities (Brown Sevcik, 1999). More specifically, there are some methods in defining at-risk youth such as the Group Characteristics and the Skill Levels (Center for Human Resources, 1993). In the first method, at-risk population is defined in terms of demographic characteristics—having low income, being black or Hispanic, having dropped out of school, or receiving welfare. More recently, behavioral characteristics such as court-involvement, teen parenting and substance abuse have been identified as additional risk factors. At-risk youth, then, are frequently defined in terms of a list of characteristics, or combinations of characteristics (CHR, 1993). Many states depend exclusively on these kinds of demographic indicators to define the at-risk population, because of the strong research base (CHR, 1993). However, the major drawback to using only group characteristics is that when used in planning, they tend to mask the real skill issues that need to be addressed (CHR, 1993). The Skill Levels approach defines at-risk youth in terms of specific skill deficits or levels of employability; it focuses much more specifically on skills which can be matched up more directly with employer expectations (CHR, 1993). However, some practitioners argue that a purely skill-based definition fails to take into account important social and cultural barriers to Employment (CHR, 1993). To address this problem, CHR (1993) comes up with a hybrid definition. Here, one might define at-risk youth as those who are dropouts, or minorities, or teen parents and who lack specific educational and/or work skills. The purpose of a hybrid definition is to gain the advantages of the skill approach that is, targeting those with clearly specified employment skill needs while formally recognizing some of the social factors that exacerbate the risks of failure in the labor market (CHR, 1993). By including demographic and/or social characteristics, the hybrid approach may also make it easier for youth serving agencies to develop common definitions. To meet the needs of at-risk youth, the community needs to respond by developing intervention services for them that focus on building self-esteem, alternative leisure patterns, redirecting inappropriate lifestyles or behaviors, developing personal skills, assisting with pre-employment training, development of morals and values and enhancing the quality of life through positive recreation experiences (Brown Sevcik, 1999). According to the Association of African American Role Models (2003), one of most overlooked qualities missing in today’s at-risk youth is the building, maintaining, and utilizing self-esteem to achieve personal growth and success. Raising low self-esteem can be a difficult process but one that is surely successful with the intervention of an effective programempowering and counseling at-risk youth to visualize themselves as productive members of their communities (AAARM, 2003). Moreover, teaching self-esteem becomes a process that is continued by the at-risk youth themselves as their positive and productive attitudes permeate their interactions with those around them (AAARM, 2003). Brown and Sevcik (1999) state that recreational programs build self-esteem, self-discipline, commitment and teamwork. Moreover, Therapeutic recreation plays an important role in reaching at-risk youth (Brown Sevcik, 1999). Similarly, the 1992 Decima Report (1992) shows that through cultural alternatives, youth essential life skills including responsibility, self-esteem, cooperation, discipline and patience are built. Cultural activity builds self-discipline and perseverance in our youth; learning to play a musical instrument, rehearsing a play or executing a mosaic mural requires long hours of practice, focus and perseverance, all components of self-discipline, a trait that many at-risk youth are desperately lacking. (Americans for the Arts, 1997) In a more recent report by the Presidents Committee on the Arts and Humanities (1999), organized youth activities can deter risky behavior in adolescents; students who participate in band, orchestra, chorus or a school play are significantly less likely than non-participants to drop out of school, be arrested, use drugs or engage in binge drinking (SasCultre, 2003). Under this therapeutic recreational program, three methods of service are combined: Intervention, Diversion, and Prevention (Brown Sevcik, 1999). The program involves at-risk youth in a school-directed recreational program within the community, developing an awareness of and interest in opportunities available to them outside the school day; enables them to experience fun leisure activities; and to develop healthy friendships, good sportsmanship, mentoring with individuals within the community and healthy leisure interests (Brown Sevcik, 1999). With these premises, the researchers will conduct this study to find out and to ascertain the responses made by the Social Work Institutions towards the raising self-esteem in at risk youths. Statement of the Problem This researcher finds the necessity for a study that specifically tackles how successful programs are in raising at-risk youth’s self-esteem. This study intends to know why some programs fail. This proposed research study will try to answer the following queries: 1. What are the needs of at-risk youths in a program? 2. What are the factors that affect the success and effectiveness of a program in terms of raising self-esteem in at-risk youth? 3. What are the measures that should be done to improve a program? Hypothesis There is a significant difference in the raising of self-esteem of the at risk youths at ___________________ when grouped according to gender and age. Significance of the Study This study will be a significant endeavor in boosting self-esteem in at-risk youth. This study will be helpful to social workers this will serve as a guide for them when dealing with at-risk kids. By understanding the needs of these children, in terms of their self-esteem, and presenting the cause of failures of some programs, administrators will be able to design means in raising self-esteem. This could lead to the success of the program. Scope and Limitation This research study will only cover male and female at-risk youth who are currently under a program and whose ages range from 16 to 22. Thus, the programs that will be discussed in the entire study are from the Philippines, although, some programs from other countries might be briefly tackled. This study will only focus on the determination of what causes a program intended to raise self-esteem in at-risk youth, to succeed or to fail. Further, this study will operate based on its definition of at-risk youth. The outcome of this study will be limited only to the data gathered from sociology books and journals and from the primary data gathered from the result of the survey and interview that will be conducted by the researcher. The conclusion and recommendation will only apply to a program which specifically aims to boost self-esteem in at-risk youth. Its application to other sociological domain of helping at-risk youth will need further research. As stated above, this research will partially base its findings through quantitative research methods because this permits a flexible and iterative approach. During data gathering the choice and design of methods are constantly modified, based on ongoing analysis. This allows investigation of important new issues about raising self-esteem in at-risk youth within a Program and questions as they arise, and allows the investigator to drop unproductive areas of research from the original research plan. This study will also employ qualitative research method because it will attempt to find and build theories that will explain the relationship of one variable with another variable through qualitative elements in research. Through this method, qualitative elements that do not have standard measures such as behavior, attitudes, opinions, and beliefs within the restaurants will be analyzed. Furthermore qualitative research is multi-method in focus, involving an interpretative, naturalistic approach to its subject matter. This means that qualitative researchers study things in their natural settings, attempting to make sense of, or interpret phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them. The focus group discussion, on the other hand, will be conducted with the consent of the administrators. The secondary sources of data will come from published articles from Sociology journals, books and related studies on at-risk youth and programs intended to raise self-esteem in at-risk youth. For this research design, the researcher will gather data, collate published studies from different local and foreign universities and articles from social science journals; and make a content analysis of the collected documentary and verbal material. Afterwards, the researcher will summarize all the information, make a conclusion based on the null hypotheses posited and provide insightful recommendations on the dealing with organizational management. Definition of Terms For the clearer understanding Chapter 2 Review of related literature Several related literature and studies conducted locally and abroad gave great help to researchers. Some of these studies are similar to the present study in methodology but the researchers believed that because of differences in social setting by the study, the result would not be the same. Based on the data in â€Å"Improving the Self Esteem of At-risk Youth† (Levine, Majerovitz, Schnur, Robinson, and Soman, 2008), it describes and evaluate a program, RESOLVE, designed to increase self-esteem and encourage healthy lifestyle choices of at-risk youth. This federally-funded (U. S. Administration for Children and Families, CBAE) program combines an educational component teaching healthy lifestyles, goal setting, and refusal skills to avoid unhealthy behaviors with a vocational training and recreational component. The emphasis of this evaluation is to assess the impact of program participation on self-esteem and knowledge of healthy behaviors. Self-esteem was chosen as a target variable for intervention based on its central role in predicting mental health and well-being, as well as enhanced health and social behaviors (Mann, Hosman, Schaalma, and deVries, 2004). Strong family and community relationships are predictors of high self-esteem (Greene and Way, 2005). These relationships are disrupted for foster care youth, placing them at risk for low self-esteem. Low self-esteem and disruption in family and community relationships is associated with poor social and lifestyle choices. For example, lack of a father figure and low self-esteem are associated with higher risk of teen pregnancy among Jamaican youth (Keddie, 1992). Low self-esteem and disruption in family and community relationships is associated with poor social and lifestyle choices. For example, lack of a father figure and low self-esteem are associated with higher risk of teen pregnancy among Jamaican youth (Keddie, 1992). Adolescents who had lower self-esteem at baseline reported initiating sex earlier and having had risky partners (Ethier et al. , 2003). Peer group programs that increased self-esteem among youth with severe behavior problems from dysfunctional families helped to reduce problem behaviors (Frank, 1996). A number of programs designed to encourage healthy life choices among at-risk adolescents have been reported in the literature. The most successful programs combine traditionally-presented curriculum with opportunities for practical application outside the classroom. For example, the Teen Outreach Program (Allen, Philliber, and Hoggson, 1990) links volunteer work to classroom experience for at-risk youth. The program significantly reduced pregnancy and school drop-out rates among participants across a spectrum of ethnic groups. A similar program, the Quantum Opportunities Program (Hahn, Leavitt, and Aaron, 1994) offers education, mentoring, and volunteer service opportunities to disadvantaged youth. School drop-out rates and teen pregnancy decreased, while employment or further education increased. The Catalano and colleagues (2004) review on positive youth development (PYD) was commissioned by the US Department of Health Human Services, completed in 2002, and conducted by a team of researchers at the University of Washington (Catalano, et al. , 2004). The review ultimately included twenty-five program evaluations, and findings indicate promising results for strength-based programs serving youth and children. The review’s definition of PYD is very broad, including any intervention that meets at least one of fifteen constructs6; none of which stipulated involvement of young people in program decisions or design. The broad inclusion criteria for PYD programs coupled with a lack of predetermined outcomes largely explain why so many evaluations were included in the review. In contrast to the Catalano and colleagues review, the forthcoming review will focus on youth empowerment, reduce program heterogeneity, and minimize the chance of spurious conclusions due to a lack of predetermined outcomes. The Wallerstein (2006) review, conducted for the World Health Organization, was the only review identified by the authors that directly addressed empowerment strategies. The review explores empowerment broadly for all age groups and with an interest in health outcomes. Wallerstein gives a useful overview of various themes within the broader empowerment movement and gives a framework for empowerment that includes multiple levels of outcomes. The broad, international review of outcomes linked to empowerment offers valuable context for this protocol. The resulting framework includes a heavy emphasis on self-efficacy, community engagement, and social bonding, which reinforce their importance as outcomes of interest in the planned review.